System of sound-wave transmission for constant-pitch control



Mar. 3, 1925.

JQ'H. HAMMOND, JR SYSTEM OF SOUND WAVE TRANSMISSION FOR CONSTANT PITCH CQNTROI.

ori ina'i FiledJun s, 1918 2 Sheets-Sheetl,

ATTORNEK S Mali. 3. 1925.

, 1,528,210 J. H. HAMMOND.-JR I v SYSTEM OF- SOUND WAVE TRANSMISSION FOR CONSTANT FITCH CONTROL T firiginaii Filed June 8, 1918 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ANGLE A WITNESSES INVENTOR ATTORNEY matic stant; and to I Pted "Mar. 3, 1925. TV

UNETE' stares 01min, or enoucnsmn,

s'rsrmr or scum-wave TRANSMISSION son. cousrni'r-rmcn Application filed June 3, 1818, Serial 1T0. 287,972. Renewed August 5.1921. Halt 0,118.

To all whom concem':

Be it known that I, JOHN Hays HAM- Mom), Jr., a citizen 'of the United States, andv aresident of Gloucester, county of 6 Essex, and State of Massachusetts, have mvented a certain new and useful S stem of Sound-Wave Transmission for onstant- Pitch-Control, of which the following is a specification.

Some of the objects of the present invention are to constant pitc of sound waves at a receiving station irres ective ofthe position of the sendin' station; to provide'means to autoy vary the pitch of emitted submarine sound waves in accordance with the speed and direction of a movable sending station with referenceto a receivin station-- whereby the pitch of the received su marine 20 sound waves is maintained constant; to provide means to compensate for the speed and direction of a vessel carrying an oscillator so that the pitch received by a body controlled from said vessel will remain conas will hereina r appear.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1

is a diagram explanatory of the system of the present invention; Fig. 2 represents diagrammaticallyone form of apparatus 'for carrying out thepresent invention; Fig. 3 represents a plan of a sightin unit and a rheostat controlled thereby; an% Fig. 4 rep resentsa diagram of curves cor onding 85 to a ratio 0 pitch to angle for 'fierent Referring to the drawin and more particularly to Fig. 1, a to e 0 10of the controlled e is indicate? as'under distant 4 control om a boat 11 which is assumed to be traveling in the direction 12 at a speed ofS knots. A sighting unit, such as a telescope 13, is mounted on the boat 11 andthe line ofsight 14 from the telesco 13 to the torpedolO forms an angle A. wit the direc-.

tion 12 of the control boat 11.

A For the purpose of controllin" the terpedo 10 the boat 11 is provided with a submarine oseillator I 15 from which sound waves are to be sent out to the torpedo 10" of a-constant pitch regardless of the speed "and direction of movement of, the boat '11,

rovicle means to maintain a rovide other improvements and in determinin the formula jorconstant 1 frequency'it is assumed that the torpe 10 is stationary. Assuming further that;

V=Velocity of sound in water in feet per second." I S=Speed of boat in feet per second. =P1tch of soundemittedfrom boat 11' in cycles per second.

-Q=Pitch of sound received by itolpedo PS cos. A Q P-F v. I For constant received. frequency a PV+PS cos. A Q== --v- I QV-P(V+S cos. A Pa QV V+ cos. A g From this formula the variation in the pitch of sound emitted from the boat 11 in cycles per second due to the variation and.

5 ed of the boat 11 is determined tohave boat: 11 on e torpedo received frequency maintained constant. I

By reference" to" Fig. 4' ail-graphic repl e-l sentation ofthe curve of-pitoh a I angle A 's shown in which the ordinates denote gitch emitted by the boat 11 and enote do for an Is A. Thus: for a given speed S; of the i0 curve co nds to E of Fig. 4 and for variousspe ssuch for exampleas S,

at '11 the plotted S and S'curves similar -ct1vel to- F, G an H will be obtained. Since t em 1 at 1 1, 'inaccess with curves correspond to the speed it is ossible,

.100- r H y to produce thecon- .giteh to control t the eorp l- 1 V For actuatingandoontro gthe movev ries has a ments of the distant body 10 in response to transmitted sound wave signals, the body 10 is equipped with a sound receiving system and steering control such as shown for example in my co-pending application Ser. No. 136,249.

For the pur ose of sending out sound waves of a pre etermined pitch to produce the desired result the telescope 13 is mounted to rotate with a spindle 16 which forms a substantially vertical axis mounted in suit able bearings 1'2 fixed to the boat 11. Concentrically arranged with respect to the spindle 16 there are a number of series of resistance coils 20, 21, 22 and 23, four being shown by way of example, each of which corresponds to a certainspeed oi the boat 11. Thus series 20 corresponds to a speed A S; series 21 corresponds to a speed A; S; series 22 corresponds to a speed S; and series 23 corresponds to a speed 3.

In order to obtain a definite relation between the movement of the telescope 13 through a given angle'in sighting upon the torpedo and the speed of the boat 11 the coils of the several series are connected respectiveiy at one end by wires 24, 25, 26 and 27 to a conductor 30 forming one terminal of a resistance 31, and each coil of any sepredetermined resistance value based upon an angular movement of the telescope 13. That this resistance value may be enective the free ends of the respective coils of he respective resistance series are provided with contacts 32, 33, 34 and 35 which are located in the path or" an ad justabie contact 36 according to the position of that contact 38 upon a supporting arm 37 fixed to the spindle The arm 37 is slotted to form a guide 40 for the contact 36 and the latter may be clamped in a desired position by a thumb nut 41 or like fastening means. The contact 36 is therefore arranged to slide radially across the ends oi the series 01 resistances and may be fixed at will opposite any series so that when turned in response to a movement of the telescope 13 it will successively engage the fixed contacts of the resistance coils with which it is in alinement.

In Fig. 3 the contact 36 is fixed to operate in conjunction with a speed value represented by the resistance series 22 and thus any coil of this series which is engaged by the contact '36 is brought into the circuit of the conductor 30, resistance 31, motor field 43 and conductor 44 from contact 36, which circuit is in shunt with the armature circuit including a battery 45, conductors 46 and '47 and a direct current motor 48. The s eed of the motor 48 is thus determined by t ecoil of the series which is out in and as the coil is proportional to the angular movement or the telescope 13, the motor speed varies as the ordinate of the curve corresponding to the angle A.

In order to produce a frequency corresponding to the required ordinate the motor 48 is connected to drive an alternator 50, of say 500 cycles per second, which 01)- erates the oscillator 15 in a well known manner to send out sound waves by means of the diaphragm 51 suit-ably mounted at a convenient submerged portion of the hull of the boat 1-1. The alternator 50 has a field 52 excited by the battery of the circuit including the conductors 53 and 54 and resistance 55. The alternator is connected by conductors 56 and 57 with the vibratory element 58 of the oscillator 15 which may be of any well known type suitable for the purpose intended.

in describing the operation of the system it will be assumed that the torpedo 10 is stationary while the boat 11 from which the sound waves are emitted is traveling at a speed of 1 S knots in the direction of line 12. Since the series of resistances 22 corresponds to the speed S, the contact 36 is moved on the arm '37 to the position shownin 2 and locked in such position y the thumb nut 41, so that as the telescope 13 is swung from one position to another the contact 36 will move correspondingly over the resistance coils of the series 22 and thus vary the resistance of the motor field circuit.- The respective coils of the series being proportioned with respect to the movement or": the telescope through a given angle A in following the torpedo 10 it follows thatthe coils will control the field 43 and thereby the motor 48 so that its speed will vary an amount proportional to the ordinate of the curvecorresponding to the angle A. In the case here under consideration the curve of the pitch of emitted sound is represented by the line F of Fig. 4 and the contact 36 is set accordingly on the corresponding resistance series 22. The result therefore of varying the speed of'the motor in accordance with the pitch curve F is to vary in a similar manner the speed of the alternator 50 so as to produce a frequency corresponding to the curve ordinate which will cause the oscillator 15 to give out a corresponding frequency and one whichwill maintain the pitch of the received sound at the torpedo 10 constant.

Whilethe foregoing has dealt with a torpedo as the controlled body it is to be understood that the invention is not to be so limited, as any type of controlled body may be employed in a' similar manner, and while the sound waves are here referred to as submarine waves this does not mean that the invention is to be restricted to submerged oscillators or submerged receiving apparatus.

Having thus described my invention, I

1. In an apparatus for transmitting sound waves, a movable sending'station for emittin' sound waves, a body at a distance contro ed from said station by sound waves of a predetermined pitch, and means to vary the pitch of sound waves emitted by said station to maintain the predetermined pitch of, the sound waves received bysaid body constant irrespective of the position of said sending station.

2. In an apparatus for waves, a movable station for emitting sound ,waves, a body at a distance controlled from "said stationby sound waves of a predetermined pitc and means to vary the pitch of sound waves emitted by said station to maintain the predetermined pitch of the sound waves received by said body constant irrespective of the velocity of the movable station.

3. In an apparatus fortransmitting sound waves, a movable station for emitting sound waves, a body at a distance controlled from said station by sound waves. of a predetermined pitch, and means to vary the pitch of sound waves emitted by said station to maintain the predetermined pitch of the sound transmitting sound waves received by said body constant 'ir-- respective of the velocity and the angular geyliation of said station with respect to said o y. 1

4. In an apparatus for transmitting sound waves, a sending station for emitting sound waves mounted on a vessel, a body at a distance controlled by sound waves of a predetermined pitch, and means on said vessel to vary thepitch of sound waves emitted by said station to maintain the predetermined pitch otthe sound waves receivedby said body constant irrespective of the course of said vessel. I

5. In an apparatus for transmitting sound waves, a sending station for emitting sound waves mounted on a vessel, a body at a'distance controlled by sound waves of a preon sald vessel to vary the pitch of sound waves emitted by said station to maintain the predetermined pitch of the sound waves received by said body constant irrespective of the velocity of said vessel.

6. In an apparatus for transmitting sound waves, a sending station for emitting sound waves mounted on a vessel, a body at a distance controlled from said station by sound waves of a predetermined itch, and means on said vessel for varying t e pitch of sound waves emitted from said station in accordance. with the angular deviation of said vessel with respect to said body whereby sound waves received by course of said vessel,

,tance controlled from said station b respective of the determined pitch. and a rotatable member torpedo whereby the 7. In an a paratus for transmitting sound waves, a sen ing station for emitting sound waves mounted on a vessel, a body at a dissound waves of a predetermined pitch, an means on said vessel for varying the pitch of sound wavesemitted from said station in accordance with the angular deviation of said vessel with respect to said body and'in accordance with the speed of said vessel whereby the pitch of the sound waves received by said body remains constant irrespective of the course and velocity of said vessel.

8. In an apparatus for transmitting sound waves, a sending station for emitting submarine sound waves mounted on a vessel, a body at a distance controlled from said station by submarine sound waves of a predetermined pitch, and means on said vessel for varying the pitch of said submarine sound waves emitted from said station in accordance with the angular deviation of said vessel with respect to said body whereby the pitch of the submarine sound waves received by said body remains constant ircourse ofsa'id vessel.

9. In an ap aratus for transmitting sound waves, a sen ing station for emitting submarine sound waves mounted on a vessel, a body at a distance controlled from said station by submarine sound waves of a predetermined pitch, and means on said vessel for varying the pitch ,of the submarine sound waves emitted by said station proportionately to the angular direction of sai' vessel with respect to said body and to the velocity of said vessel whereby the pitch of the received submarine soundwaves remains.-

constant irrespective of the course and velocity of said vessel.

10. In an apparatus for transmitting sound waves, a sending station for emittin submarine sound waves mounted on a vesse a' torpedo at a distance controlled from said station bv submarine sound waves of a predetermined pitch, and means on said vessel for varying the pitch of said submarine sound waves emitted from said station in accordance with the angular deviation of said vessel with respect to the course of said pitch of the submarine sound. waves receive by said torpedo remains constant irrespective of the course of i said vessel.

11. In an apparatus sound waves, a sending station for emittin submarine sound waves mounted on a vesse a torpedo at a distance controlled from said station by submarine sound waves of a predetermined pitch, and means on said vessel for varying the pitch of said submarine sound waves emitted from said station in accordance with said vessel with respect to the course of said torpedo and with respect to the. speed of for transmittingthe angular deviation ofsaid vessel and to said vessel from the course of said dirigible tions of the system,

said vessel whereby the pitch of the submarine sound waves received by said torpedo remains constant irrespective of the course and velocity of said vessel.

12. In an apparatus for transmitting sound waves, a dirigible body, means located on a vessel at a distance for producing submarine sound waves of a predetermined pitch to control said body, a sighting unit on said vessel, and means controlled by angular movement of said unit for varying said sound wave roducing means in proportion to the anguliir movement of said sighting unit whereby the pitch of transmitted sound waves is automatically varied to maintain a constant pitch of received sound waves at said dirigible'body irrespective of the speed and course of said vessel.

13. In an apparatus for transmitting sound waves, a dirigiblc body,-means located on a vessel at a distance for producing submarine sound waves of a predetermined pitch to control said body, said means including a motor, a sightin unit on said vessel, and means controlled by angular movement of said unit for varying thespeed of said motor in proportion to the angular movement of said sighting unit whereby the pitch of transmitted sound waves is automatically varied to'maintain a constant pitch 'of received sound waves at said dirigible body irrespective of the speed and course of said vesse 14. In an apparatus for transmitting sound waves, a dirigible body, means located on a vessel at a distance for producing submarine sound waves of a predetermined pitch to control said body, an electrical re sistance for governing the frequency of said sound waves, said resistance being variably arranged with respect to a given velocity of the angular deviation of bod a sighting unit, and means operated by saio. unit for varying said resistance automatically in accordance with the angular position of said unit whereby the pitch of transmitted sound waves is varied to maintain a constant itch of received sound waves at said dirigible body .irrespective of the speed and course of said vessel. 15. A system for transmitting compressional impulses including an aiming element movable with respect to other portions'of the system, and means actuated by said movable aiming element to vary the frequency of the impulses transmitted. 16..A system for transmitting submarine compressional impulses including an aiming element movable with respect to other porand means actuated by said movable element to vary the frequency of impulses transmitted.

17. A system for transmitting periodic impulaes'including an aiming element movi,528,2io

vrelatively movable and said movement. of sai 7 other portions of the system, and means actuated by movable aimlng element to vary the frequency of the impulses transmitted proportional to the movement of said element.

18. A system for transmitting compressional impulses including a telescope movable with respect to other portions of the system, and means actuated by said movable telescope to vary the frequency of the impulses transmitted.

19. A system for transmitting submarine able with respect to compressional impulses including a telescope ortions of by movefrequency movable with respect to other the system, and means actuate ment of said telescope to vary the of impulses transmitted.

20. A system for transmitting eriodic impulses including atelescope mova le with respect to other portions of the system, and means actuated by movement of said telescope to vary transmitted proportional to the movement of said element.

21. A system for transmitting compressional impulses from said system to a distant the frequency of the impulses object, said system and said object beinlg system inclu mg an aiming element which may be kept directed upon said object during a relative movement between said system and said object, and includin d aiming element to vary the. frequency of the impulses transmitted from said system as to cause said impulses when received at said object to have a substantially constant frequency with respect to said object.

22. A sional impulses from said system to a distant object, said system and said object being relatively movable and said system in cluding a telescope which may be kept directed upon movement between said system and said object, and means controlled by said telescope and movable therewith to vary the frequency of the impulses transmitted from said system as to cause said impulses when received at said object to have a substantially constant frequency with respect to said object.

23. A system for transmitting impulses from said system to a distant object, said system and said object being relatively movable and said system including an aiming element which may be kept directed upon said object during a relative movement between said system and said object, and means controlled by said aiming element and adjustable thereby when so directed to vary the frequency of the impulses transmitted from said system as to cause said impulses when received at .said object to have a substantially constant frequency with respect to said point, r 7

also means controlled by system for transmitting compressaid object during a relative 5.

24. A system for transmitting impulses from said system to a distant object, said system and said object being relatively movable and said system including a telescope which may he kept directed upon said object during a relative movement between said system and said object, and means conobject. v The process of transmitting impulses from a transmission system to a receiving system during a movement of. one system trolled by said telescope and movable in synchronisni therewith to vary the frequency of the impulses transmitted from said system as to cause said impulses when received at said object to have, a substantially constant frequency with respect to said 26. In a system for transmitting energy from a movable transmitter to a receiver spaced therefrom, adjustable means for subtending the angle of divergence of the course of movement of the transmitter with respect to the direction in which the receiver is located relative to the transmitter, and means for varying the character of the transmitted energy proportional to the angle of d1ver-,

gence subtended.

27. In a system for transmitting periodic vibrations from a movable transmitter to a.

receiver spaced therefrom, adjustable means for subtending the angleof divergence of the, course of movement of the transmitter with respect to the direction in which the receiver is located relative to the transmitter, and means for varying the periodicity of the vibrations proportional to the angle of divergence subtended.

28. In a system for transmitting periodic vibrations from a movable transmitter to a receiver spaced therefrom, adjustable means for subtending the angle of divergence of the course of movement of the transmitter with respect to the direction in which the receiver is located relative to the transmitter, and means for varying the periodicity of the vibrations according to the angle of divergence subtended to a degree which renders constant the periodicity of vibrations received at the receiver.

In a system of communication, a transmitting station on one movable body, a receiving station on another movable bod said transmitting station including means for emitting waves of predetermined frequency, and means for varying the frequency relative movements of said bodies.

30. In a system station on one of said bodies for emitting signal waves of predetermined frequency, means for varying the frequency oi said waves according to the relative position of said bodies and means on the other of said bodies for receiving said waves.

31. In a system of communication, a pair of relatively movable bodies, means for emitting signal Waves of variable frequency from one of said bodies, and a receiving device on the other of said bodies for receiving signal waves of one of said frequencles, said transmitting station including means for varying the frequency of the em tted waves proportional to the relative position of said bodies so that the frequencyof wayes received by said receiving device remains substantially constant during the relative.

movement'of said bodies.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 27 day of May, Gloucester, Mass.

JOHN 'HAYS 0ND, JR.

p of communication, a pair of relatively movable bodies, a transmitting of said waves proportional to the 

